Glass is generally defined as an amorphous solid, encompassing both the glassy substance itself and various glass materials and products.
The atomic arrangement of glass does not possess the long-range order characteristic of crystals, but is closer to the short-range order pattern of liquids. Despite its liquid-like structure, glass maintains its shape like a solid and does not flow due to gravity. The core processes of glass production mainly include: batch preparation, melting, forming, annealing, and subsequent deep processing. Glass is widely used in construction, daily packaging, optoelectronics, biomedicine, new energy, aerospace, and other fields, and has given rise to various high-tech functional materials such as smart glass and bioactive glass, continuously driving industrial innovation and social development. Glass does not readily react with its contents and is non-toxic and odorless, making it an ideal packaging material.
